SYSTEM_INFO // CGV

General Terms
of Sale

Version 2.6 // 6 October 2026

1. Scope and state of sales

These terms govern the sale of France ÉcoScan premium studies — digital content supplied on no tangible medium — to any buyer, whether consumer or business. France ÉcoScan is published by Visionary Edition, a sole proprietorship (entreprise individuelle; SIRET 893 581 793 00021, 229 rue Saint-Honoré, 75001 Paris, France). These terms apply together with the terms Stripe presents on its payment page for the transaction (article 3).

Sales are opened or closed by decision of the publisher. Their state is shown on the page of each study: when sales are closed, no price is displayed there and no payment is possible; when they are open, the study can be bought individually, edition by edition, on the terms below.

2. Products: a purchase covers one edition

A purchase gives access to a specific edition of a study, as identified at the time of the order, in its French version — and in its English version where one is published. A later edition that brings new data, a new time window or a new analysis is a separate purchase: it is not included in the purchase of an earlier edition, and its publication never interrupts current access to the edition purchased. The correction of an error in the purchased edition is owed to the buyer and is never a new sale. The purchase is a one-off: it includes neither a subscription nor editorial updates.

  • France's public debt — Edition 2026.3 — French public debt, thirty-year decomposition, quarterly debt as of Q2 2026 (INSEE, 29 September 2026) and marginal cost as of 24 September 2026
  • The purchasing power of France's minimum wage (SMIC) — Edition 2026.2 — purchasing power of the gross hourly SMIC (France's statutory minimum wage) measured since 1996, with INSEE's 1990–2025 reference as a complement, figures as of August 2026
  • Can you still become a homeowner in France? — Edition 2026.2 — main residence in the existing-home market, interest rates and prices as of 15 September 2026
  • The price of fire — Edition 2026.2 — the economics of wildfires in France, 2022 baseline and season as of 15 September 2026
  • What French households really have left — Edition 2026.1 — income, spending committed in advance and housing of households in France, 2025 national accounts and prices as of 6 October 2026

You are buying a specific edition of the analysis, supplied as a PDF. Interactive online access and the option to download the PDF again remain available for 30 days from payment. A later edition is a separate purchase.

Each study is served as a free preview to every visitor. The full study is served online, on their account, only to the holder of a recorded purchase of the edition concerned, in French and in English with no second payment, for 30 days from payment. During that period, the holder downloads and re-downloads the edition’s report as a PDF, generated on request: this PDF is the copy purchased, which the buyer keeps with no time limit. Each copy carries a watermark and an identifier linking it to its delivery, and is covered by an individual-use licence — reading, keeping and quoting; reproduction, distribution and resale are prohibited without written consent. When the period ends, the study returns to its preview on the buyer’s account, with no further step. This end date affects neither the PDF copy already downloaded nor the statutory guarantees (article 6), which apply under their own rules.

3. Merchant of record, prices and taxes

France ÉcoScan does not invoice directly. Payment is operated by Stripe Managed Payments, the merchant of record solution of the Stripe group. On the payment page, receipts and bank statement, the transaction appears as sold through Link, a Stripe service acting as merchant of record for the transaction: the Stripe group company named on the payment page and on the receipt collects the price, calculates, collects and remits the applicable indirect taxes (including VAT) according to the buyer’s country and status, issues the receipt and invoice for the transaction, handles fraud prevention, payment disputes and transaction support, and makes refunds (article 7). Its own terms, presented on the payment page, govern the payment transaction. Visionary Edition remains responsible to the buyer for the content supplied — its description, delivery and conformity — and for the related customer service (article 9).

When sales are open, the page of each study displays its reference price excluding taxes (excl. VAT), in euros, together with the price including all taxes applicable to a consumer in metropolitan France. The final amount including taxes, and the payment currency — Stripe may offer payment in the buyer’s local currency — are set by Stripe on the payment page, according to the buyer’s country and status, and displayed before confirmation. No tax is calculated by France ÉcoScan.

4. Order, payment, immediate delivery and confirmation

Orders are placed from the study’s page, with an account whose email address is verified: the buyer accepts these terms and ticks the box in article 5, then is taken to the payment page hosted by Stripe. The order is concluded when Stripe confirms an effective payment — for a deferred payment method, when collection is confirmed. The content is then made accessible immediately on the buyer’s account, in French and in English, online and as a PDF, for 30 days (article 2). An edition whose access is still running is not charged a second time: the order process refuses it.

Confirmation on a durable medium. As soon as payment is confirmed, an order confirmation is drawn up and frozen: order reference, study, edition, language, reference price excluding taxes, amount set by Stripe, date, exact wording of the consent in article 5 with its fingerprint, version of these terms, guarantees kept, access address and access end date. It is emailed automatically to the account’s address by France ÉcoScan (commandes@visionary-edition.fr), with the link to the PDF copy; the PDF is not attached. It also downloads as a file, to keep, from the study’s page, on the buyer’s account (“Order confirmation”). Stripe also emails the receipt and invoice for the transaction, from Link.

The platform keeps a technical record of the order and delivery (timestamp, content identifier, access right opened, Stripe references; for each PDF delivered, its delivery reference, generation identifier and SHA-256 fingerprint, without keeping the file) for evidence, security and abuse-prevention purposes.

5. Right of withdrawal, and what immediate supply does to it

A consumer buyer has fourteen days to withdraw (French Consumer Code, Art. L. 221-18 (fourteen-day period)). For digital content supplied on no tangible medium, this right can no longer be exercised once performance has begun, after payment, with the consumer’s prior express consent and their express acknowledgement that they thereby lose this right (French Consumer Code, Art. L. 221-28, 13° — Directive 2011/83/EU, Art. 16(m)).

The order process collects this consent through a box unticked by default, separate from acceptance of these terms, bearing the following wording; without it, no order is passed on to payment:

“I request that the supply of this digital content begins immediately after my payment, and I acknowledge that I thereby lose my fourteen-day right of withdrawal.”

As the content is delivered on payment, the online order requires this consent; a buyer who wishes to keep their right of withdrawal may contact customer service (article 9) before ordering. The consent given is kept with its proof — exact wording, fingerprint, timestamp, version of these terms (express consent (Art. L. 221-28, 13°) — no pre-ticked box, no consent inferred from a default (CJEU, Planet49, C-673/17)) — and restated in the confirmation on a durable medium (French Consumer Code, Art. L. 221-13).

  • Express consent to immediate performance. A box UNTICKED by default, separate from acceptance of the terms of sale, whose wording states that supply begins upon payment. No consent is inferred from a payment click, from scrolling or from the passage of time.
  • Express acknowledgement of the loss of the right of withdrawal. In the same wording, the buyer acknowledges that, because supply has begun, they lose their fourteen-day right of withdrawal. The wording names the right being given up; it does not paraphrase it.
  • Applies to consumers, stated to business buyers. The waiver only has effect for a consumer; a buyer who declares themselves a business sees the same box, with a note that the law does not grant them a right of withdrawal. No box is hidden depending on status: the payment operator determines the status when the order is placed.
  • Proof of consent retained. Timestamp, order identifier, edition purchased, version of this contract, exact wording displayed and its fingerprint, language, and the fact that the box was unticked before the buyer acted. The proof is kept with the access right it opened, and provided to the buyer on request.
  • Confirmation on a durable medium. An email, sent after payment, restates the consent and the waiver in the exact terms of the accepted wording, the edition purchased, the price excluding taxes and the amount set by the payment operator, the date, and a reminder of the statutory conformity guarantees, which are never lost.

Where it is available, the right of withdrawal is exercised by an unambiguous statement sent to customer service (article 9), for example using the following model: “I hereby give notice that I withdraw from the contract for the purchase of [edition], ordered on [date], under number [order]. Name, address, date.” The refund is then made within fourteen days of receipt of the statement, using the means of payment used.

6. Statutory guarantees: they are never lost

Waiving the right of withdrawal does not mean waiving conformity. The digital content delivered must conform to the edition purchased as described, and be accessible and readable under the stated conditions (French Consumer Code, Art. L. 224-25-1 et seq. — Directive (EU) 2019/770). In the event of a lack of conformity, the consumer buyer is entitled to have the content brought into conformity or, failing that, to a price reduction or to termination of the sale, under the conditions laid down by the French Consumer Code.

  • The statutory conformity guarantees for digital content remain in full.
  • Content that is not delivered, is inaccessible through a fault of the platform, or differs from the edition purchased entitles the buyer to a refund, through the payment operator, regardless of the waiver.
  • The waiver covers only the edition purchased; it does not extend to any future purchase.

7. Refunds: statutory rights, contractual commitment, goodwill gesture

Statutory rights apply in all circumstances. This article does not limit them, make them conditional or replace them; no provision of these terms may be read as excluding a right that the law grants to the consumer buyer. They include in particular: reimbursement of all sums paid after a withdrawal exercised while the right was available (article 5; French Consumer Code, Art. L. 221-24); termination of the contract and a refund when the digital content is not supplied (Art. L. 224-25-10 and L. 224-25-11); in the event of a lack of conformity, bringing the content into conformity or, failing that, a price reduction or termination of the contract (article 6; Art. L. 224-25-12 et seq.), the refund then being made free of charge, without undue delay and at the latest within fourteen days of the trader being informed (Art. L. 224-25-23).

Contractual commitment. In addition to these rights, and without any lack of conformity having to be established, France ÉcoScan has an order refunded in full when the edition served is not the one purchased, or when the paid content remains inaccessible through the platform’s fault and is not restored within a reasonable time after being reported (article 8).

Goodwill gesture. Outside these cases, France ÉcoScan may grant a full or partial refund as a goodwill gesture, case by case. Such a gesture is never a precondition for exercising a statutory right, does not amount to the buyer waiving that right, and creates no obligation for the future.

Who makes the refund. The refund is made by Stripe, merchant of record for the transaction (article 3), to the means of payment used, unless the buyer expressly agrees to another means, and at no cost to them. Requests go to customer service (article 9), which has them carried out; Link support may also be contacted about the transaction itself. A full refund ends access to the refunded edition; a partial refund does not withdraw it. A payment disputed with the bank and finally lost also ends access; a dispute in progress does not suspend it.

To inform the assessment of conformity, without restricting it: what each edition contains is described before purchase, in its preview, its table of contents and its method, and mere disagreement with the conclusions of an analysis does not in itself constitute a lack of conformity. Conformity is assessed against the statutory criteria (Art. L. 224-25-13 and L. 224-25-14).

8. Technical error and unavailability

Paid content that does not open, an access right that is not recorded, or an account that cannot find its purchase are failures of the platform, never of the buyer: they are reported to customer service (article 9), handled as a priority, and give entitlement to restoration of access or, failing that, to a refund (article 7). A temporary unavailability of the service for maintenance or security does not deprive the buyer of their access right, which is restored when the interruption ends.

9. Support, complaints and mediation

Customer service:

Every complaint is acknowledged. If no amicable solution is found, the consumer buyer may refer the matter free of charge to a consumer mediator (French Consumer Code, Art. L. 612-1 and L. 616-1). These terms are governed by French law; consumers keep the protection of the mandatory provisions of their country of residence.

Consumer mediation body: Centre de la Médiation de la Consommation de Conciliateurs de Justice (CM2C), 49 rue de Ponthieu, 75008 Paris, France. After a written complaint to customer service that has not been resolved, a consumer may refer the dispute to CM2C free of charge within one year of that complaint: online (https://www.cm2c.net/comment-nous-saisir.php), by email (declarer-un-litige@cm2c.net), by post to the address above, or by phone (+33 1 89 47 00 14).

10. Versions

Version 2.6, 6 October 2026: a purchase covers one edition supplied as a PDF, which is the buyer’s copy; online access and re-download last thirty days from payment; a later edition is a separate purchase and never interrupts current access (article 2); the confirmation is sent by email (article 4). Version 2.5, 5 October 2026: Stripe Managed Payments is named as merchant of record for the transaction (article 3); the order process and the downloadable confirmation are described (article 4); the effect on access of a full or partial refund and of a payment dispute is specified (article 7); the consumer mediation body (CM2C) is appointed (article 9); the state of sales is stated without depending on the date of reading. Version 2.4, 2 October 2026: the publisher is identified in article 1; the English version is published, with the same commitments, version and date; the state of sales is stated according to the actual state of the site; the refund policy is presented on a dedicated page that restates articles 5 to 8. Version 2.3, 25 September 2026: article 7 distinguishes statutory refund rights, which apply in all circumstances, from the contractual commitment and the goodwill gesture. Version 2.2, 25 September 2026: while sales are closed, no price or opening date is displayed; an edition is owed in the languages in which it is published; the reference to the European online dispute resolution platform, closed on 20 July 2025 (Regulation (EU) 2024/3228), is removed. Version 2.1, 15 September 2026: consumer price including all taxes alongside the reference price excluding taxes, consumer mediation, PDF report of the edition. Version 2.0, 15 September 2026: preparation of sales through a merchant of record, reference prices excluding taxes, consent to immediate supply, statutory guarantees, refunds and unavailability set apart. Version 1.1, March 2026: pre-contractual information. The version applicable to an order is the one in force on the day of the order, restated in the confirmation.

FRANCE-ECOSCAN // LEGAL_SYSTEM // 2026